Oftentimes, the secret to getting yourself from a Band 5 to a Band 6 HSC Chemistry extended response isn’t at all in what you’re saying but你怎么说。
从来没有比化学6或7分的问题更明显。
It is important to learn how to absolutely smash out good a Chemistry extended response because this is what separates the “good” people from the “great” people.
最好的部分是 - 实际上很容易！
Step 1: Read the question
Step 2: Plan your answer
步骤3：考虑使用图，表或流程图的使用
Step 4: Picture the marking criteria
Sample Response
Step 1: Read the question
听起来很明显，但是您需要挑选动词和其他指示术语，这些术语将定义您采取的方向。
We’ve created aglossary of verbs taken from NESA您可能会在下面的考试问题中找到！
Note:由于NESA定义不是针对一个主题的特定特定的，因此添加了一列，以使您根据化学的适当方法来了解该问题的适当方法。
| 动词 | NESA定义 | 化学方法 |
|---|---|---|
| 帐户 | State reasons for | 考虑支撑反应或观测的分子机制。 |
| Analyse | 识别功能和之间的关系m | Usually for graphs or data, describe notable observations and any relationships between them. |
| 评估 | 做出价值，质量，结果，结果或大小的判断 | Usually for long response questions, you will be required to make a judgement based on pros and cons without a certain criteria to adhere to. |
| 相比 | 展示事物如何相似或不同 | 对于化学，这些反应通常在表格形式中做得最好。 Eg. Column 1 can note similarities while column 2 can describe differences. |
| Critically (analyse/evaluate) | 增加（分析/评估） | 对于化学，这些反应必须考虑支撑这些反应的分子理论。另外，对于场景问题，这些回答还可以考虑以下反应的社会，环境和经济意义。 |
| Describe | 提供特征和特征 | This is the easiest type of question - just note down what you see and know! |
| 讨论 | 确定问题并提供反对的原因 | Unlike “evaluate/assess” questions, you DO NOT need to provide a judgement but you still need to list out the issues and provide arguments for and against your topic. |
| Evaluate | Make judgement based on criteria; determine the value of | 虽然您需要提供诸如“评估”问题之类的判断，但“评估”问题更多地集中于是否根据设定标准达成目标。 |
| Explain | 关系和效力；使事物之间的关系显而易见；提供原因以及如何 | Identify the molecular mechanisms that underpin your observations and draw out the relationship between theory and observations. |
| 证明合法 | Support an argument or conclusion | In Chemistry, the best way to support your argument is to consider the chemical structure/ properties that underpin the conclusion. To strengthen your response, you can also consider the alternate scenario and explain how it could turn out worse than the original scenario. |
Ultimately, you need to address these directive terms to push your response into the Band 6 criteria. We’ll work through a question here as we go from a past HSC Chemistry paper.
Let’s have a look at this 2014 HSC Question 32(e) (7 marks)
解释肥皂和洗涤剂的结构和组成的差异如何确定其用途及其对环境的影响。
First – the verb.
According to theNESA，’解释'方法“relate cause and effect; make the relationships between things evident; provide why and/or how”.因此，使用完全可以接受“cause” and “effect”小标题以帮助您的答案更清晰。
And now for other directive terms:“肥皂和洗涤剂的结构和组成差异”- 因此，大多数差异来自组成，但是问题也告诉您解决结构。
“Determine their uses and impact on the environment”– there are TWO things here: the ‘用途”和“影响”。这意味着您必须同等的重量解决。
在您的响应中，请注意该类别表面的化学结构和组成。这是原因。
And then, how does the chemical structure and composition of the surfactant contribute to its uses and impact on the environment?This is the effect!
Step 2: Plan your answer
Never just vomit information, you have to attack the syllabus points. Take a look at the sample answers below to see what the difference is.
我们还将计划对32（e）的答案。有四类的表面活性剂，对于分子水平的化学，我们需要解决每种表面活性剂。
因此，一个良好，简单的答案结构将勾选所有盒子：
- 表面活性剂一：(e.g. Cationic surfactants)
- Uses/environmental impact:选择一个要去这里 - 我们现在写出一个用途
- 原因：阳离子胺组有一个正负的头部。
- Effect: Cationic surfactants are great hair conditioners as the positively charged head of the surfactant will be attracted to the negatively charged wet hair, causing the non-polar ends to stick out of the hair, making the hair more shiny and manageable.
And you’ve just built yourself an easy response that aims square for 7/7!
步骤3：考虑使用图，表或流程图的使用
Remember that you have to keep your answer to space provided as best you can!
您在分配的空间上运行越多，受到惩罚的风险就越多。
Representing information visually can display your understanding far more thoroughly than the same amount of writing. Hop on over todraw.ioright now and try your hand to constructing a good flow chart.
In our example, it’s a great idea to include structural diagrams of the different classes of surfactant. This proves that know the structure yourself.
Here’s a good example of what your diagrams might look like – labelled with their identity, and also labelling the non-polar hydrophobic tail, and the hydrophilic head.
我确实建议使用骨架结构，并且不要认为您必须记住名称！
Step 4: Picture the marking criteria
这可能会变得有些危险，因为很有可能您猜错了。但这就是练习问题的目的！
与您可能意识到的标准相比，您会更熟悉标记标准的模式。
What might be in our tester question?
再次看，很明显会有标记understanding the structure and compositionof different soaps and detergents.
同样，会有标记understanding their uses, and environmental impacts(and remember – an impact isn’t always negative!).
Since it’s anexplain question, they’re be marks for spelling out the cause-effect relationship between the two.
And there’s always marks for beingclear and concise.
They’re our guesses,but what are the real criteria?Let’s take a look!
What do you know?Four for four! Having the idea of how to approach the question will go a long way towards getting into those top two brackets.
So now you know how – time to try it out!
I’ll leave the surfactant question for now – it’s from an option, so you may not need that material covered. And plus, this way you can try writing an answer for it on your own!
Sample Response
因此，让我们使用这些步骤来贯穿一个示例！
7标志:
With reference to the underlying chemistry and with relevant equations, assess the impacts on society of TWO uses of ethanol. (2014 HSC Chemistry exam)
Let’s be careful here and go through our simple 4-step process:
- Key terms- 基础化学，评估（做出判断），对社会的影响，两种用途，乙醇的用途。
- 绘制教学大纲点– ethanol’s uses, the chemistry of ethanol, social impact. Select two uses – e.g. solvent and fuel. Establish what part of chemistry makes it useful in that field. Assess the impact on society.
- Adiagramof ethanol’s polar and non-polar ends would be useful for conveying its use as a solvent but also could consume a lot of space – be discerning! Same be said for a flow chart of ethanol as a carbon-neutral fuel. In this instance, I would recommend no – not enough space.
- What’s likely to appear on the marking criteria?
- Connecting ethanol’s chemistry to its uses
- 评估ing the extent of its impact on society
- 正确和准确的equations
- 流利性和化学素养
作为参考，这是实际标准！
Bam. Our guesses were pretty much straight on.因此，让我们再试一次。
Now that is a nice Chemistry extended response.
令人遗憾的是，它没有借鉴图表，并且可惜的是，方程式中化学状态的格式不一致，在技术上也不完整。
Reaction conditions should be written above the arrows (this is why I like handwriting these things).
But other than that, it covers everything.
它表明了对基本化学及其用途之间的联系非常深刻的理解，即对问题的社会维度的认识，并使用了清晰，简洁的语言。
I don’t mind admitting this Chemistry extended response answer is hundreds of times better than the one I submitted when this question appeared in my actual exams – we all learn from our mistakes! This is an easy 6, and a strong candidate for a 7!
我不喜欢说这是一个肯定的7，因为最后一个标记与您的答案质量的关系较小，而与典型答案的质量有关。
The Chemistry exams are marked in such a way that there’s a roughly bell-curved-shaped distribution of marks, so the difference between 6 and 7 isn’t about being good –这是要比其他所有人更好。
为了进行比较这是我可能在没有考虑以上任何一点的情况下写的化学反应。
可以，然后呢what’s wrong with this Chemistry extended response? Or, rather, what’s not wrong with it?
It almost completely忽略社会影响of both uses and uses an incredibly poor example of ethanol as a solvent. Of all the impacts that’s had on society, perfume would have to be the least meaningful.
On top of that,it skims over the relevant chemistryand没有方程式, despite the carbon-neutral statement absolutely screaming for three. Three whole equations!
This answer would be lucky to score a 3/7 – with the equations! Without them, it’s almost destined for a 1/7. But, likewise, that bell-curve marking could pull it up to a 2/7 if there are some other really poor responses.
但是，为什么第一种化学的扩展反应要好得多？
Because of practice, attention to detail and hard work.
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Matt Saundersis a huge nerd who first got into writing through fanfiction. He’d known science was the path for him since a young age, and after discovering a particular love of bad chemistry jokes (and chemistry too), he’s gone onto to study Forensic Chemistry at UTS. His HSC in 2014 was defined in equal parts by schoolwork and stagecraft, which left him, weirdly enough, with a love of Maths strong enough to inspire him to tutor any level, along with 7-10 Science and HSC Chemistry.
