Need to write up a student experiment report for QCE Chemistry but have no idea where to start?
If you’re unsure about how you’re meant to approach this Chemistry IA, don’t worry! We’ll take you through writing up the student experiment report for Chemistry section by section, so you know exactly what needs to go where.
准备开始吗?我们走吧!
What is a Student Experiment?
您如何为化学写一份学生实验报告?
化学学生实验报告结构
What is a Student Experiment?
学生实验基本上是基于您进行的实验的研究报告(the student).
The purpose of a Student Experiment is torefine, extend and/or redirect an existing experiment in order to answer a new, but still related, research question.
一旦进行了实验并收集了所需数据,然后处理数据,分析并用于得出结论以回答您的研究问题。
您如何为化学写一份学生实验报告?
最终,您的实验结果和您所进行的所有研究和分析以科学报告的形式呈现,即长度为1500至2000字。
为了创造一个综合的科学报告,there are 7 steps to follow.这些包括:
虽然可以协同执行研究问题,方法,风险评估和实际实验,所有其他方面都需要单独完成。And for this, we have a guide of what exactly each section of the report needs!
化学学生实验报告结构
#1:标题
你的头衔应该是a comprehensive but short description about your report让读者确切知道它是什么。它可能会变得有点冗长,但重要的是你的头衔是具体明确。
例如:盐酸浓度对滴定时达到第一等当量的标准碳酸钠溶液体积的影响
#2:理由
应该找到关于科学概念,与您的实验相关的科学概念,理论和过程的大多数信息的地方。原始实验不会提供大部分这些信息,所以它取决于您find, utilise and reference relevant and insightful information.
数字和公式can be useful in this section to help explain the (possibly) complex theories you may be explaining.
提供此上下文信息后,将其应用于justify and support your hypothesis,which will also be included as part of your rationale. Remember to参考科学文学在这里!
例如:According to the Bronsted-Lowry Theory, acids are species that can donate protons (H+)和基础是接受它们的物质。可以使用氢离子浓度描述pH,因为它们是对数连接的。例如,pH 4的溶液比pH的溶液为pH5的溶液5.可以每分子捐献多于一个质子的物质被称为多蛋白酸。强酸和碱完全在水中分离,而弱酸和碱仅部分地解散...这意味着将有两个等价点。第一个等效点发生在pH = 3.7周围。第二等效点发生在pH = 8.3周围。
#3:原始实验
This should just bea brief summary of what the original experiment consisted of,特别是在其目标方面。你还应该参考原始实验的方法来自哪里这里。
例如:原实验研究了当用盐酸(未知浓度)滴定时达到第一当量点所需的标准碳酸钠溶液(已知浓度)的体积。
#4:研究问题
Here, you说明你的研究问题。However, remember to be specific — even more specific than you were in your title.
State如果适用于您的问题,则已知的卷,浓度或其他因素。确保独立变量和独立变量都明确说明!
#5:对方法的修改
In this section,说明您对方法的修改and explain它们将如何扩展,优化或重定向实验。
延长
To extend an experiment means you will be改变方法以克服范围的某些限制,或者如何应用数据。这通常允许进一步调查,并更好地了解实验中发生的事情。
ref
Refining your experiment essentially means you are改变方法以收集更准确或精确的数据,特别是如果数据不够具体。
Redirect
这意味着您将适应方法在原始实验中最初观察到的内容,介绍更多的洞察力。
#6: Management of Risks
包括here anysafety considerations you had to make when designing the experiment,whether that be in terms of safety gear, correctly disposing of toxic substances or adherence to standard laboratory safety procedures.
还包括任何您将采取的步骤来管理您的实验姿势的可能风险!
Up until this point in your report, most of the presented information demonstrates your research and planning skills.让我们来看看你需要在标准的本节中获得顶级标记:
Make note of the fact that你需要一个经过考虑的rationale,justified修改,A具体和相关研究问题,经过考虑的为了得分高标记,衡量风险等。
#7: Raw Data
展示你的raw data with the associated uncertainties here.您可能还希望包含任何定性观察。
您可以以表格的表格展示您的数据,列出所进行的各种试验。
#8: Processing of Data
Firstly, you shouldstate the ways in which you processed the data in order to analyse it effectively(calculating the average, calculating percentage uncertainty etc.).
然后,包括所有the relevant formulas and calculations forone您的数据集(即,仅用于0.1M HCl的滴定)。因为您可能有页面限制,您将无法在报告的主体内包含所有计算 - 其余部分将进入附录,如果需要,请稍后参考。
Also include in this sectionyour calculations of the uncertainty of the instruments and equipment you used as well as any relevant graphs(specifically the ones you plan on referring to in the analysis section).
Remember that all tables and graphs should have titles and to double-check all your calculations, units and symbols.
#9: Trends, Patterns and Relationships
这是你的地方分析您的处理数据以确定趋势,模式和关系,以达到合理的结论。您可以通过介绍最富有洞察力的图形,表格和/或计算,并解释它们的建议以及为什么这很重要。
确保在价值观方面具体!如果可能的话,为任何趋势和/或不一致提供推理。
例如:Table 3 demonstrates that the number of moles of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide were not equal at the equivalence point in the 0.2M titration (18.53% error), suggesting there was some error in the titration process.
#10: Limitations of Evidence
In this section,provide sources of error, unreliability and uncertainty in your experimental methodology— describe how they impacted your results, and suggest appropriate improvements or extensions.
Be specific about whether they are random or systematic errors.
例如:
Sources of Error 建议改进扩展 Equipment used to measure the standard sodium carbonate solution is imprecise (systematic error) (0.02g/L). 可以使用具有更高精度水平的设备。
#11:结论
你的结论应该是链接直接到您的研究问题!It should summarise your major findings, comment on the accuracy of the experimental process and results and provide recommendations for improvement or extension.
您的报告的下半年包括分析证据和解释和评估。让我们看看与此相关的标准:
再次,为了实现这些顶级标记,确保您已包含在内appropriateapplication of algorithms,thorough识别趋势,洞察力解释实验证据,逻辑地派生改进和扩展等
#12:参考列表
记得引用任何科学文学,您可能在您的报告中使用。Make sure it is in the style your school/teacher has requested.
#13:附录
包括any graphs/tables这不包括在此报告的主体中。如前所述,您的表可能包括您所做的任何其他计算,这些计算已从报告的主体中排除在外。
你有它!
您现在已经了解您需要了解所需的一切,以便在化学学生实验报告中涵盖内容。要记住的最好的事情是always refer back to your marking guide and use it as a checklist, to ensure you’ve included everything required of you!
在寻找其他QCE化学资源?
我们为您提供了更多的练习问题,以便从全年内修改以前的内容!去看一下:
- Unit 3 Chemistry Data Test IA1 Practice Questions
- 单位3和4化学外部评估的练习问题
- 单位3和4化学外部评估的多项选择练习问题
- Download QCE Chemistry Practice Exam for External Assessment Revision
你还想看一看我们漂亮的指南s for working on your QCE Chemistry assessments below:
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