随着Covid的变化（尤其是Delta变体）的变化及其对澳大利亚经济的主要影响，您可以在HSC经济学方面进行许多不同的方面。
今天，当我们研究澳大利亚对与三角洲变体的爆发的回应时，我们已经为您提供了报道。
让我们进行分析！
Economic Growth
Australia’s Unemployment
Australia’s Inflation
工资增长
政府对三角洲变体锁定的反应
Overall Government Spending
Economic Growth
Over the year,国内生产总值（GDP）在3月季度上涨1.1％，在6月季度上涨0.8％。反过来，预计9月季度的产量为2％至3.5％。这种增长基本上是在过去12％中取得的任何经济收益回溯。
Looking at trading, the出口价格更高，尤其是铁矿石和液化天然气（液化天然气），刺激了7.4％。This contributed to a 3.5% in nominal GDP
The家庭储蓄比率的变化从11.6％到12.2％- 这是通过获取家庭净储蓄并将其除以总家庭可支配收入来计算得出的。
In terms of整个7月和8月的客户情绪下降了4.4％。This can be really closely linked to lockdown and reduced work, as consumption slows down with consumer spending at a low.
Along similar lines, we see business confidence drop significantly into the negatives.Sitting at 20% in May, business confidence went down to 11% in June and then down to a low of -8% in July.
There are two key drivers to note,消费和投资，两者都显着下降。
With regards to exports, and iron ore in particular, these prices were in an incredibly strong and stable position over the past year, even reaching record highs. However, these prices are not being sustained, and are starting to drop.
Australia’s Unemployment
Unemployment and underemployment unfortunately goes hand in hand with the COVID lockdown. With consumer spending at a heavy low,many businesses have been struggling to keep all their employees at the same capacity prior to lockdown.
The Australian失业率下降至4.6％，就业不足率为8.3％。The participation rate (that is the number of people at a working age who are part of a workforce) is at 66%, which is essentially where it was at pre-COVID. Similarly, the youth unemployment rate has remained reasonably constant at 10.2%.
Australia’s Inflation
Looking at the消费者价格指数（CPI），今年6月季度增长了0.8％。
The房屋建筑商联邦政府领导下的计划以及州基于州的住房建设补助金，继续影响新房主购买的速度。
In the June quarter, we also saw the新住宅的价格op 0.1%.If there was no offset supplied by the housing grants, this rate would have risen 1.9% due to demand in housing construction materials and labour payments.
The most substantial rise we’ve seen is in家具，家庭设备和服务，为16.9％。在锁定中的每个人，以及通过笔记本电脑上工作或学校的多个家庭成员，必须将房屋适应全职学习和办公空间。随着消费者习惯在家工作和学习的概念，家庭制作产品和生活方式家具的支出已经上升。
一个稍有意外的增长是运输成本，位于10.7％。随着由于锁定而导致的旅行减少，您预计这些运输措施会减少，但是这种上升可能归因于油价上涨。
We can also look at HSBC Australia for critique, where their Chief Economist,Paul Bloxham noted that the slowed population growth impacts the country’s economic speed limit.
This has been further impacted by COVID and the lockdown restrictions. This speed limit is also referred to as the潜在的增长率, which is normally around 2.5% to 2.75%, but has now fallen to 1.3% to around 1.6%.
工资增长
由于许多企业都有货币资源的紧张，workers have seen the largest cut in wages, and consequently purchasing power, in the past 20 years.
The ABS (Australian Bureau of Statistics) noted a1.7% growth in wages over the past year where inflation also rose, by 3.8%。This 2.1% fall is the greatest we have seen since the middle of 2001, and is amidst the greatest boom in house prices and average mortgages in over 30 years.
ABS’ Head of Price Statistics, Michelle Marquart, recognised this as one of the lowest ever records, at 0.4%。“Apart from a few isolated examples of skills shortages placing pressure on employers to meet expected market rates, the [0.5 per cent] private-sector wage growth recorded over the quarter was generally subdued,” she said.
政府对三角洲变体封锁的反应
政府对由于三角洲变体而产生的封锁的反应可以通过此时制定的两个新付款计划进行分析。创建了COVID-19-19灾灾灾的灾难付款是为了帮助因大流行而受到减少或失业的工人的帮助。
TheCOVID-19 Disaster Payment向那些收入受到封锁负面影响的人提供Pandemic Leave Disaster Paymentis for workers who have to self-isolate or quarantine for a given period after being a close contact of a positive case.
这两个项目提供下付款National Recovery and Resilience Agency (NRRA) as grant payments, as opposed to payment under the Social Security Act (1991) as income support.
COVID灾难付款
On June 3rd, 2021, the COVID-19 Disaster Payment was对于那些因锁定而失业的人来说，这是一次一次性的付出。In turn, the disaster payments are not considered taxable income, and are only provided during the eligible lockdown periods.
The COVID Disaster Payment provides基于资格和预先现有收入支持的三级利率级别：
- 每周获得200美元的工人，这些工人因锁定而获得收入支持并每周损失8小时或更长时间的工作
- $450 a week for workers who lost 8 to 20 hours of work a week due to lockdown
- $750 a week for those who lost more than 20 hours of work a week due to lockdown
Pandemic Leave Disaster Payment
This payment isgiven on days of self isolation due to being a close contact to a positive COVID case。This entitles the individual to $1,500 for each 14-day period that the person must self-isolate for. Unlike the COVID Disaster Payment, the Pandemic Leave Disaster Payment is taxable.
到2021年7月8日，14,944 grants for the Pandemic Leave Disaster Payment were made out of the 17,123 claims.这是2240万美元的总付款，其中大部分来自2020年8月至9月期间。
Child Care Support
每周$ 40-5000万美元用于支持托儿中心。This support package is said to provide 25% of a centre’s revenue prior to lockdown if it has had to ask parents and children not to attend. This is also contributing to 40% of before and after school care revenue prior to lockdown.
The Child Care support package is据说可以缓解悉尼约3600份服务，并在墨尔本和堪培拉提供1200次服务。
Overall Government Spending
让我们看一下大局。
最近的联邦数据表明新南威尔士州十分之一的人，即8.82 000人，共同获得了25亿美元的援助通过共同支付，200美元的收入支持付款和大流行假灾难付款。从整体上讲，这看起来像是每周新南威尔士州居民每周38美元，而维多利亚时代的居民每周25美元。
Due to the severe financial fallout from the lockdown,澳大利亚储备银行不得不暂停他们的计划，以减少政府债务的购买。最初的目标是将这些债务的购买量减少到本月的40亿美元，从50亿美元。但是，该计划已被推迟，以便在接下来的几个月中可以继续进行经济支持。
These aspects of current economic activity should give you a handful of great real life examples to apply in HSC Economics! Consider how a number of these components impact one another and are heavily interrelated to strengthen your Economic responses.
Need more support for HSC Economics and understanding Australia’s economic response to the Delta variant?
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Nandini Dhiris a Content Writer at Art of Smart and is currently studying a Bachelor of Arts (majoring in Marketing) and a Bachelor of Advanced Studies (Media and Communications), as a Dalyell Scholar, at Sydney University. She enjoys covering local issues in her area and writing about current events in the media. Nandini has had one of her pieces published in an article with the Sydney Morning Herald. In her free time, Nandini loves doing calligraphy, ballet, and sewing, or is otherwise found coddling her cats.
