HSC Chemistry Module 6: Acid-Base Reactions Practice Questions

Question 6

尽管有发展更复杂的Brønsted-Lowry定义，但仍证明持续使用Arrhenius对酸和基地的定义。（4分）

(L1.6: explore the changes in definitions and models of an acid and a base over time to explain the limitations of each model, including but not limited to: – Arrhenius’ theory – Brønsted-Lowry theory)

使用Brønsted-Lowry理论

Question 7

Complete the table below (3 marks)

指标	酸中的颜色	基础上的颜色
Methyl Orange
菠萝蛋白蓝色
Phenophathalein

(L2.1: conduct a practical investigation to measure the pH of a range of acids and bases)

Question 8

通过将75.00ml 0.120mol L-α盐酸混合，用25.00ml 0.200mol L-β氢氧化钠混合溶液。（4分）

解决方案的pH值是多少？

（L2.2：计算pH，POH，氢离子浓度（[H +]）和氢氧化物离子浓度（氢氧化物离子浓度（【OH-]）

Question 9

Using your understanding of weak and strong acids, explain how the pH of 0.1M of hydrochloric acid would differ from 0.1M of sulfuric acid. (3 marks)

(L2.3: conduct an investigation to demonstrate the use of pH to indicate the differences between the strength of acids and bases)

问题10.

使用离子方程，解释碳酸氢钠或磷酸二氢磷酸钾的两性性质，根据Bronsted-Lowry定义。（4分）

（L2.4：写离子方程以表示水中的酸和碱在水溶液中的解离，缀合物酸/碱对和一些盐的两亲性性质，例如 - 碳酸氢钠 - 磷酸钾二氢钾）

问题11.

Referencing the model you have used in class to communicate differences between strong and weak acids, explain why strong acids have a lower pH compared to the weak acids of the same concentration. (4 marks)

(L2.5: construct models and/or animations to communicate the differences between strong, weak, concentrated and dilute acids and bases)

问题12.

将500ml 0.1M盐酸稀释至125ml的体积。然后将所得稀释的溶液与200ml 0.1M NaOH混合。找到解决方案的pH值。（3分）

(L2.6: calculate the pH of the resultant solution when solutions of acids and/or bases are diluted or mixed)

Quantitative Chemistry

问题13.

The flowchart shown outlines the sequence of steps used to determine the concentration of an unknown hydrochloric acid solution.

Describe steps A, B and C including correct techniques, equipment and appropriate calculations. Determine the concentration of the hydrochloric acid. (8 marks)

（L3.1：进行实际研究，以分析滴定的未知酸或碱的浓度）

问题14.

该图显示了两个单蛋白酸的等体积溶液的滴定的pH的变化，Acid 1和Acid 2.

a）解释差异Acid 1和Acid 2就其相对的优势和浓度而言。（3分）

b) Name the salt produced by the reaction of an acid of the same type asAcid 2用koh（aq）已被添加到Acid 1.（1标记）

c)为什么酚酞是一个合适的表明or for both titrations? (1 mark)

d）为什么酚酞将是滴定的合适指标？（1标记）

（L3.2：研究滴定曲线和电导率图以分析数据以指示特征反应配置文件，例如：

- 强酸/强基础

- 强酸/弱碱

- 弱酸/强碱）

问题15.

In class, you have modelled the neutralization of strong and weak acids and bases using different medias.Explain how the use of scientific models can enhance our understanding of reactions on a molecular scale? (4 marks)

(L3.3: model neutralisation of strong and weak acids and bases using a variety of media)

问题16.

A monoprotic acid solution with a concentration of 0.01M has a pH of 4.8 at 25 degrees. Calculate the value of Ka and state whether this acid is likely to be a strong acid or weak acid? (3 marks)

(L3.4: calculate and apply the dissociation constant (Ka) and pKa (pKa = -log10 (Ka)) to determine the difference between strong and weak acids)

Question 17

概述3种方式酸或碱在行业和原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民中使用。（3分）

(L3.5: explore acid/base analysis techniques that are applied: – in industries – by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples – using digital probes and instruments)

Question 18

山姆想调查他家中的以下物品是否是酸性或基本的：果汁，洗涤剂和水。概述他可以进行的方法来测试其酸度/碱度。（3分）

（L3.6：对其酸度或碱度进行普通家用物质进行化学分析，例如： - 软饮料 - 葡萄酒 - 果汁 - 药物）

Question 19

Using your understanding of equilibrium, explain how a named buffer works when an acid or a base is added. (4 marks)

（L3.7：进行实际调查以制备缓冲区并证明其性质）

Question 20

Explain the role of the conjugate acid/base pair, H₂PO₄- /HPO₄²-, in maintaining the pH of living cells. Include chemical equations in your answer.

（L3.8：描述自然系统中缓冲区的重要性）